true

22-05-2026

This crypto-asset white paper has not been approved by any competent authority in any Member State of the European Union. The person seeking admission to trading of the crypto-asset is solely responsible for the content of this crypto-asset white paper.

This crypto-asset white paper complies with Title II of Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council and, to the best of the knowledge of the management body, the information presented in the crypto-asset white paper is fair, clear and not misleading and the crypto-asset white paper makes no omission likely to affect its import.

The crypto-asset referred to in this crypto-asset white paper may lose its value in part or in full, may not always be transferable and may not be liquid.

false

The crypto-asset referred to in this white paper is not covered by the investor compensation schemes under Directive 97/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council or the deposit guarantee schemes under Directive 2014/49/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council.

Warning

This summary should be read as an introduction to the crypto-asset white paper. The prospective holder should base any decision to purchase this crypto-asset on the content of the crypto-asset white paper as a whole and not on the summary alone. The offer to the public of this crypto-asset does not constitute an offer or solicitation to purchase financial instruments and any such offer or solicitation can be made only by means of a prospectus or other offer documents pursuant to the applicable national law. This crypto-asset white paper does not constitute a prospectus as referred to in Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 of the European Parliament and of the Council or any other offer document pursuant to Union or national law.

The $O token is the native digital asset of the o1.exchange ecosystem, providing functional benefits directly tied to its possession:

Tiered Fee Reductions: Possession of $O enables a tiered discount mechanism on the platform. Users who hold or stake the token receive real-time reductions in maker and taker fees, effectively lowering the cost of executing trades on the exchange.

Feature Access Tiers: The token acts as an access key for the platform’s advanced toolset. Specific functionalities, such as early-stage quantitative trading tools and specialized data feeds, are accessible based on the quantity of $O held or staked by the user.

Limited Badge Claims: users who stake at least a required amount of $O for a required period may become eligible to claim limited ecosystem badges.

Not applicable as $O is not a utility token as defined under MiCA.

This white paper has been prepared for the purposes of seeking admission to trading on multiple crypto-asset trading platforms. The Issuer seeks to ensure broad accessibility for the $O token by pursuing admission to trading across suitable venues.

EarthX Ltd

A company limited by shares

Suite 5, Oleander Building, Port Purcell, Tortola, VG1110, British Virgin Islands

Suite 5, Oleander Building, Port Purcell, Tortola, VG1110, British Virgin Islands

2026-04-23

254900GJ530X73AT8B15

2207054

+1 5105011960

jerry@cohuman.xyz

003

MoonX Foundation

1
JERRY PAN
Co-founder & CEO

2
ETHAN CHANG
Co-founder & CTO

3
Claudio Romildo Pezzia
Director

EarthX Ltd. is a British Virgin Islands (BVI) Business Company that serves as the dedicated Token Issuance Entity for the ecosystem. Its principal activities include the minting and issuance of the $O, acting as the legal counterparty for public sales and airdrop distributions, and managing token reserves and pre-sale proceeds. Operating within the global digital asset and decentralized finance markets, the entity facilitates the primary distribution of tokens to public sale participants and ecosystem recipients while managing AML/KYC compliance as a subsidiary of the MoonX Foundation.

MoonX Foundation is a Cayman Islands Foundation Company that operates as an "orphan entity" serving as the ecosystem steward for the project. Its principal activities include holding 100% ownership of the TGE (Token Generation Event) Issuer, EarthX Ltd., and overseeing the governance of token reserves, grant allocations, and pre-sale proceeds. As a non-beneficial owner structure, the Foundation functions as the central administrative hub for the ecosystem's long-term sustainability, operating primarily within the global blockchain governance and decentralized technology markets to support developers, grant recipients, and the broader community.

true

Not applicable as the offeror or person seeking admission to trading was established within the past three years.

The company closed a $4.8M seed round on August 19, 2025, led by Coinbase Ventures (co-led with AllianceDAO), with additional participation from a16z via the a16z Speedrun accelerator; the round was structured as a standard SAFE plus token warrant for allocations of the $O token, which materially strengthened the company’s capital resources and funded ongoing product and platform development.

From an operating performance standpoint, the platform reports more than $180M in spot trading volume generated by over 20,000 users, producing over $1.8M in platform revenue and supported by approximately 400,000 total user signups; these figures, together with the stated 3+ million transactions within seven months of beta launch, function as the primary financial and non-financial KPIs disclosed to date, evidencing rapid early user and volume growth.

false

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

Not applicable as the issuer is the person seeking admission to trading.

o1.exchange

o1.exchange

$O

o1.exchange is an "Onchain Everything Exchange" designed to provide a unified, high-performance environment for executing advanced trading strategies. The platform’s primary objective is to consolidate fragmented liquidity by integrating spot markets, perpetual futures (via Hyperliquid), and prediction markets (via Kalshi) into a single onchain venue. Engineered for both retail and institutional traders, o1.exchange provides low-latency execution and professional-grade infrastructure, including quantitative and algorithmic trading tools. By moving these complex financial operations onchain, the project aims to deliver the speed of centralized venues with the transparency and self-custody of decentralized protocols.

1
Development team, Ethan Chang

2
Development team, Jerry Pan

3
Development team, a16z Speedrun LLC

false

o1.exchange has grown rapidly as an “Onchain Everything Exchange,” processing over $180M in spot trading volume, more than 3 million transactions, and attracting 400,000+ user signups within its first seven months of beta, while expanding beyond spot into prediction markets (via Kalshi) and perpetual futures. The project is backed by investors including Coinbase Ventures, AllianceDAO, and a16z in a $4.8M seed round, and is positioning the native $O token as an asset for trading fee discounts, staking-based access tiers, and conversion from trading points, without conferring ownership, revenue share, or financial return rights.

Forward-looking milestones (token-focused)

• Public launch of $O and Day 1 listing: Initial public distribution/listing of the $O token, transitioning from pre-launch/early access to broader availability.
• Activation of $O holding/staking fee tiers: Enable live, tiered trading fee discounts based on $O held or staked on o1.exchange; staking remains utility-only, providing reduced fees and feature access, with no yield or revenue share.
• Trading points → $O conversion program: Launch of the program under which users’ accumulated trading points on o1.exchange are periodically converted into $O allocations according to published schedules.

Financial Resources and Funding: The project has secured $4.8 million in seed funding through a combined equity and token warrant structure. Lead institutional investors include Coinbase Ventures, AllianceDAO, and a16z. In exchange for this capital, 18% of the $O supply has been allocated to these investors, governed by a one-year cliff followed by a 36-month linear vesting schedule.

Human Resources and Governance: The project is developed and operated by MoonX Foundation. The founding team is allocated 10% of the token supply, subject to a one-year lock and 36-month linear vesting. Operational security is maintained via a 3-of-5 multi-signature treasury configuration, managed by five key signers to ensure decentralized control over protocol reserves.

Technological Resources and Infrastructure: Development resources have been focused on building a high-frequency, on-chain trading terminal for DeFi, optimized for the Base ecosystem. Key technological assets include:

Execution Stack: Proprietary quantitative algorithms and an execution layer designed for microsecond-level transaction finality.

Product Suite: A comprehensive trading interface featuring market analytics, AI-driven trade automation, fiat on-ramps, and cross-chain liquidity access.

Smart Contract Infrastructure: $O vesting and distribution logic implemented on the Base blockchain, featuring publicly verifiable code and scheduled third-party security audits.

Ecosystem Tools: Integrated Public Trading APIs, bug bounty programs, and community engagement infrastructure (Discord/Social integrations).

Operational and Strategic Assets: Treasury Reserve: 16% of the token supply is held within the treasury (overseen by the MoonX Foundation) to fund ongoing platform development, ecosystem incentives, and operational overhead.

Intellectual Property & Branding: A complete brand identity and comprehensive technical documentation (hosted via Mintlify) have been finalized to support the Token Generation Event (TGE) and global marketing efforts.

o1.exchange plans to use protocol-controlled treasury and liquidity funds primarily for ongoing platform development, ecosystem growth, operational expenses, and initial DEX/CEX liquidity provisioning to support market depth at launch.

ATTR

Enable EU market access for $O holders.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

1,000,000,000

All.

There are no restrictions.

There are no reimbursement rights.

There is no refund mechanism.

There is no refund mechanism.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Determined by the trading platform/exchange.

There are no reimbursement rights.

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

Via crypto-asset trading platforms on which $O is admitted to trading.

There is no relevant time schedule.

There are no technical requirements.

NTAV

MoonX Foundation is seeking admission to trading for the $O token across multiple trading platforms, including Payward Global Solutions Limited.

PGSL

Online via the platform

Not applicable. This whitepaper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

The issuer is not aware of any potential conflict of interest of the persons involved in its admission to trading.

Not applicable. This white paper is published solely in relation to the admission to trading of the token and does not relate to any public offering.

British Virgin Islands

The $O token is a crypto-asset under Regulation (EU) 2023/1114 of the European Parliament and of the Council which is not an e-money token, an asset-referenced token or a utility token, each as defined under such Regulation. Therefore, it falls in the "Other" category.

The $O token is a digital asset designed to provide functional integration within the o1.exchange ecosystem. Its functionality is defined by the following characteristics:

Intrinsic Token Functionality

Tiered Fee Reduction Mechanism: The primary function of $O is to act as a threshold-based discount tool. By holding $O in a platform-linked wallet, users trigger automated reductions in trading fees (maker and taker). These discounts are applied in real-time and are tiered based on the specific quantity of tokens held.

Feature Access Gating: The token functions as a technical access key. Holding specific quantities of $O unlocks restricted platform layers, including advanced quantitative trading interfaces, algorithmic tools, and early-access environments for new exchange products.

Ecosystem Unit of Account: $O serves as the native unit for the platform’s loyalty and incentive frameworks, facilitating the distribution of platform-specific benefits without the need for external settlement assets.

Platform-Mediated Functions

Staking-Enabled Enhancements: While the token itself provides baseline benefits, the o1.exchange platform provides an optional staking interface. Users may choose to commit their tokens to a staking contract to access enhanced fee tiers and deeper platform integration. This process is a non-financial commitment; it does not result in the issuance of new tokens, interest payments, or any yield-bearing mechanics.

Incentive Conversion: The platform utilizes a trading points system to measure user engagement. These points are external to the token but are periodically convertible into $O allocations based on established distribution schedules, serving as a mechanism for platform-aligned token distribution.

Limitations and Exclusions of Functionality

No Governance or Ownership Rights: The $O token does not represent ownership, equity, or voting rights in any legal entity or unincorporated association. It does not confer governance control over the protocol or the issuing entity.

No Financial Claims: The possession of $O does not entitle the holder to dividends, interest, revenue sharing, or any form of passive financial consideration.

Non-Enforceable Treasury Initiatives: While the platform treasury may voluntarily deploy resources for ecosystem grants or liquidity support, these actions are discretionary. The $O token does not grant holders any enforceable rights or claims to treasury assets or platform revenues.

June 2026

• Token generation event (TGE): $O token launches; community/airdrop allocation (3% of total supply) unlocks and is distributed to eligible users via the trading points airdrop.
• Trading points → $O conversion functionality goes live; users can have accumulated trading points converted into $O according to the published schedule.
• $O-based utility (reduced trading fees and early feature access) goes live for holders/stakers “after Day 1 listing,” which coincides with TGE. Holding or staking $O immediately confers tiered trading-fee discounts and early access to quantitative trading tools and other features.
• Staking functionality for $O on o1.exchange goes live; users can stake unlocked $O to obtain non-financial utility benefits (fee discounts and feature access). Locked/unvested tokens (e.g., team/investor allocations) are not eligible for staking.
• Team and investor allocations enter a 1-year lock beginning at TGE; their vesting smart contracts on Base start enforcing the lock (no insider unlocks at TGE).

June 2027

• End of 1-year lock for team and investor tokens; 36‑month linear vesting for these allocations begins from this date, enabling gradual unlocking thereafter.

June 2027-2030

• Ongoing linear vesting period for team and investor allocations; tokens are progressively released according to the vesting schedule until fully vested around June 2030.

OTHR

NEWT

$O is the native digital asset of the o1.exchange ecosystem, operating via smart contracts and accessible through user-controlled wallets. It is integrated into a high-performance onchain trading stack as a functional component for platform interaction rather than a financial instrument or debt obligation.

Core Functional Characteristics

Tiered Fee Optimization: $O acts as a threshold-based tool. Maintaining specific balances triggers automated, real-time reductions in trading fees across spot, perpetuals, and prediction markets.

Feature Gating: The token serves as an access key for advanced platform layers, including quantitative trading tools and early-stage algorithmic interfaces.

Staking-Enabled Access: Users may voluntarily commit $O to a non-custodial staking contract to unlock enhanced service tiers. This process is strictly functional; it does not impact token supply or generate yield, interest, or financial rewards.

Limited badge claims: users who stake at least a required amount of $O for a required period may become eligible to claim limited ecosystem badges.

Economic & Legal Constraints

No Equity or Debt Rights: $O does not evidence indebtedness, is not an investment contract, and confers no rights to dividends, interest, or revenue sharing.

No Governance: The token represents no ownership, voting power, or management control over any legal entity or the protocol.

Discretionary Ecosystem Support: Treasury-managed initiatives, such as grants or liquidity support, are fully discretionary and create no enforceable financial claims for holders.

Incentive Integration: The token is the settlement unit for the platform’s loyalty framework, where earned trading points convert to $O allocations based on participation schedules.

https://o1.exchange

20-05-2026

20-05-2026

Nothing other than already stated in the white paper.

English

PXT451VVG

2M4R8SDN1

false

true

true

Ireland

Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden.

Fee Optimization Rights: Holders are entitled to automated, real-time reductions in maker and taker fees. These rights are tiered and triggered by maintaining specific $O balances in a platform-linked wallet.

Service Access Rights: The token functions as a technical credential for unlocking restricted platform layers, including advanced quantitative trading tools and early-access feature sets.

Staking-Enhanced Utility Rights: Purchasers have the right to voluntarily commit tokens to a non-custodial staking contract to access superior fee tiers and deeper platform integration. This action is strictly a functional commitment and confers no rights to yield, interest, or financial rewards.

Limited Badge Claims Rights: users who stake at least a required amount of $O for a required period may become eligible to claim limited ecosystem badges.

Obligations of the Purchaser: Beyond general adherence to platform terms and applicable laws, there are no mandatory operational duties, participation requirements, or forced locking mechanisms inherent to the token. Purchasers are responsible for the self-custody of their assets and ensuring compliance with the geo-restrictions governing specific third-party integrated features.

The rights associated with the $O token are exercised through direct interaction with the o1.exchange platform and its underlying smart contracts. These rights are automated and do not require manual intervention beyond maintaining the required token balance:

Balance-Based Validation: Access to tiered trading fee discounts and restricted features is determined by the $O balance held in the user’s connected digital wallet. The platform performs real-time verification of these balances to apply the relevant service tier.

Feature Activation: To exercise access rights to quantitative tools or early-stage features, users must connect a compatible wallet to o1.exchange. The system automatically unlocks the corresponding interface layers based on the detected $O holdings or staked amount.

Staking and Unstaking Procedures
Users may voluntarily enhance their functional rights by committing $O to the platform’s staking interface:

Staking Process: Users select the quantity of $O to stake via the platform’s dedicated interface and confirm the transaction through their wallet. Upon confirmation, the account is immediately placed into the corresponding utility tier.

Unstaking and Cooldown: Users may initiate an unstaking request at any time. This action triggers a 30-day cooldown period during which the tokens are locked and cannot be traded or transferred. Following the 720-hour period, the tokens become available for withdrawal. Additional unstaking actions during an active cooldown will reset the 30-day timer for the entire balance.

Conditions and Compliance for Exercise
The exercise of any rights intrinsic to $O is subject to the following conditions:

Geographical Restrictions: Access to certain third-party integrated features (e.g., prediction market routing) is restricted in specific jurisdictions, including the United States.

Compliance Screening: The ability to exercise token rights is contingent upon sanctions screening (e.g., OFAC, EU, UN lists). Users in prohibited or sanctioned regions are blocked from platform interaction and token utility.

Security Responsibility: Holders are solely responsible for the security of their private keys and the use of compatible wallet software. Loss of access to the underlying private keys results in the forfeiture of the ability to exercise any associated rights.

Non-Exercise of Governance
As there are currently no governance or voting rights intrinsic to the $O token, there are no procedures or conditions for the exercise of collective management or protocol oversight. All system parameters remain under the exclusive control of the project team.

Rights and obligations for o1.exchange and the $O token may be changed unilaterally by the Project Team, which retains full veto power over all governance, feature, and system changes and does not currently use binding on-chain or tokenholder voting.

There are no future offers planned.

160,000,000

false

true

Not applicable. This white paper is published in relation to the admission to trading of the $O token and does not relate to any public offering.

No restrictions

false

There are no supply adjustment protocols.

false

There is no protection scheme available

false

There are no compensation schemes

British Virgin Islands

British Virgin Islands

o1.exchange uses smart contracts on the Base blockchain so that key actions such as distribution, vesting and trading settlement happen directly onchain from user-controlled wallets. At launch, $O tokens will be distributed automatically by a purpose-built smart contract that sends tokens to eligible wallets based on a pre-defined snapshot, rather than relying on a manual or off-chain process. Security is reinforced by using audited smart contracts and a 3-of-5 multi‑signature treasury wallet, so no single person can move core token reserves on their own. Because everything runs on Base, transactions and token balances are recorded on an immutable ledger that cannot be altered after the fact. Transparency is provided by publicly labeling all key wallets and contracts (team, investors, treasury, community allocations, and distribution/vesting contracts) on the Base explorer, allowing anyone to independently verify how tokens are allocated and moved over time.

Deployed on Base, an EVM-compatible Layer-2 utilizing Optimistic Rollup technology and the OP Stack, $O is a standard ERC-20 token. It inherits Ethereum’s Proof-of-Stake security via Layer-1 settlement and implements all core ERC-20 functions, such as transfers, approvals, and balance inquiries, through smart contracts written in Solidity.

User wallets on o1.exchange are software wallets created, imported, and managed within a user’s account, with the platform providing tools to generate new wallets or import existing ones via secret key while retaining non-custodial user control.

All wallets under an account can be backed up and restored using a single 12‑word recovery phrase that covers up to 100 wallets, and users can also export individual private keys when needed.
The interface supports internal transfers and portfolio organization by allowing users to split and consolidate tokens between their wallets through an in‑app transfer flow.

For the $O token itself, the token contract and treasury are controlled by a 3‑of‑5 multisig wallet managed by key team members of MoonX Foundation, with treasury allocations held under this multisig and intended to be labeled on Basescan along with other allocation wallets (e.g., airdrop, team and investor vesting contracts).

Team and investor allocations are locked in time‑bound smart contracts on Base that programmatically release tokens according to the vesting schedule, with code to be publicly verifiable and audited prior to TGE.

o1.exchange’s $O token and related smart contracts are deployed on Base, an Ethereum Layer 2 optimistic rollup built on Optimism’s OP Stack.

Base executes transactions off-chain, then batches them via a sequencer and posts them to Ethereum, relying on Ethereum’s Proof‑of‑Stake consensus for final settlement and security. This design is secure because all finalized L2 transactions inherit Ethereum’s PoS guarantees, and efficient because off-chain batching and data compression allow much higher throughput and lower fees than transacting directly on Ethereum L1.

$O staking on o1.exchange

• Users can stake $O via a staking page, choosing the wallet/portfolio and amount, then confirming a stake transaction.
• Staking gives non‑financial benefits only: reduced trading fees (tiered by staked amount) and feature/early access. There are no token rewards, no yield, and no revenue share from staking.
• Unstaking has a 30‑day cooldown during which the unstaked $O cannot be traded or withdrawn; additional unstake during cooldown resets the 30‑day period for the full amount.

Trading points → $O allocations

• Users earn trading points by trading on o1.exchange; points are later converted into $O allocations, incentivizing active trading and platform loyalty.

Cashback tier system (fee rebates)

• A universal cashback program applies across spot, prediction markets, and perps. Cashback tiers and net fee reductions are:
  • Tier 1: 0.25%
  • Tier 2: 0.30%
  • Tier 3: 0.35%
  • Tier 4: 0.40%
  • Tier 5: 0.45%
• Cashback is applied against the base trading fee for all market types, reducing users’ effective trading costs.

Referral, rewards, and competitions

• The marketing site describes 41% referral revenue share, a cashback & tier list with up to 45% cashback, trading competitions with prize pools, and “badge” / early trader benefits, which provide additional user-side rewards.
• Detailed program pages (points system, rewards program, referrals & rewards) exist in docs but are not expanded in the fetched content; only the fee‑related cashback mechanics are fully specified in the available documentation.

No dividends or financial rights from holding $O

• Holding $O does not entitle token holders to dividends, interest, revenue share, or other payments. Any future treasury‑managed initiatives (ecosystem incentives, grants, liquidity support) are discretionary and do not confer enforceable rights or financial returns.

Network security / staking vs mining

• o1.exchange is an exchange/protocol built on existing chains (e.g., Base) rather than its own base layer. The available materials describe staking of $O purely as a utility mechanism for fee discounts and feature access, not as a consensus or security mechanism. There is no mention of validator roles, slashing, block production, or mining rewards tied to $O.
• Accordingly, participants are not rewarded for “securing the network” via staking rewards or mining incentives in the usual PoS/PoW sense. Staking simply locks tokens for non‑financial perks.

Spot Markets Trading Fees

• Base fee: 1.00% per trade.
• After cashback, effective user trading fees are:
  • Tier 1: 0.75% (1.00% − 0.25%)
  • Tier 2: 0.70%
  • Tier 3: 0.65%
  • Tier 4: 0.60%
  • Tier 5: 0.55%
• The platform earns the base fee minus cashback paid out to the user (and minus any referral or other incentive that is funded from fee revenue), while the trader effectively pays the reduced net fee.

Prediction Markets Trading Fees

• Fee formula (before cashback):
  • Fee = round_up(0.07 × C × P × (1 − P))
  • C = number of shares traded.
  • P = current outcome probability (0–1)
• The fee is largest when P = 0.5 and lower at extreme probabilities; examples are provided (e.g., at P=0.5, maximum fee ≈ 0.0175 × C).
  • Cashback tiers apply to the calculated fee, reducing the amount actually borne by the trader; the remaining net fee is retained by the platform.

Perpetual Futures Trading Fees

• o1.exchange integrates Hyperliquid Build Code for perps and charges a builder fee of 0.010% on perpetual trades.
• This builder fee is the protocol’s revenue from perps (subject to any cashback/other incentives that reduce the trader’s effective cost).

Fee handling, burning, and sustainability

• Documentation states that as the platform matures, a portion of platform revenue may be allocated to a treasury for ecosystem initiatives (e.g., incentives, grants, liquidity support), at the team’s discretion. These are framed as treasury‑managed uses of revenue, not as automatic fee sharing to token holders.
• There is no disclosed mechanism for automatic fee burning of $O or other assets in the available materials, nor a detailed public breakdown of how much of each fee type is directed to treasury vs. other uses.
• Sustainability is therefore primarily supported by:
• Ongoing trading fees (spot, prediction, perps) as platform revenue.
• Non‑dilutive incentives (cashback, referrals, competitions, $O allocations sourced from token supply/treasury rather than protocol-level burning or yield).

Traders / users earn

• Trading fee cashback (tiered up to 0.45%).
• Referral revenue share (advertised 41%).
• $O allocations via trading points.
• Non‑financial staking benefits (fee discounts, feature access).
• Competition prizes and badge/early‑trader perks.

The protocol/platform earns

• Net spot fees (1.00% base minus cashback and any incentive payouts).
• Net prediction market fees per dynamic formula minus cashback.
• Perps builder fee of 0.010% per trade.
• These revenues may be partially allocated to a treasury for ecosystem initiatives, but there is no published automatic fee‑burn or holder revenue‑share model in the available documentation.

false

$O is a token issued on the Base blockchain. Base is a Layer 2 blockchain built on Ethereum,
developed by Coinbase to offer a scalable, low-cost, and developer-friendly platform for decentralized
applications (dApps). It uses Optimism’s Optimistic Rollup technology, which bundles transactions offchain and posts them to Ethereum for security and settlement. As a result, Base benefits from Ethereum’s
security while significantly reducing gas fees and increasing transaction throughput.

true

Audit reports can be reviewed here: https://xors.xyz/audits

Market and liquidity risk

• $O is a pre-launch token with no live secondary market or observable market data, so initial price discovery, trading volumes, and liquidity depth at listing are uncertain.
• Only ~16% of supply is expected to be unlocked at TGE (airdrop 3%, ecosystem 3%, treasury 4%, liquidity 6%), with the remainder locked in longer-term allocations; a relatively small free float may amplify price volatility and slippage.
• Large, scheduled unlocks for team and investors after the 1‑year cliff and during the 36‑month vesting period may create future sell pressure and downward price impact.
• Crypto-assets in general are subject to extreme price volatility and liquidity risk, including the possibility of being unable to exit positions at a fair price or at all in stressed markets.

Legal and regulatory risk

• $O is positioned as a “crypto-asset” providing fee discounts and platform access, with no rights to payments, dividends, interest, revenue share, or claims on assets; despite this, regulators could still characterize the token as a security or other regulated instrument based on evolving legal tests and local law.
• Regulatory treatment of crypto-assets remains fragmented and uncertain globally; new rules or enforcement actions could impose registration, disclosure, or conduct-of-business requirements on the issuer, trading platforms, or token holders, which may limit access or impact liquidity and value.
• Jurisdictional and sanctions-related restrictions already apply to the community distribution (e.g., exclusion of users in OFAC- and other sanctioned jurisdictions), and similar or broader geographic restrictions may apply to listings, limiting who can legally acquire or trade $O.

AML / KYC and sanctions risk

• Eligibility for the community airdrop and claims of $O requires completion of identity verification and sanctions screening, which may delay or prevent some users from receiving or transferring tokens and could lead to forfeiture if requirements are not met.
• The project’s need to comply with AML/CFT and sanctions regimes may result in wallet blocking, refusal of service, or mandatory reporting to authorities in certain cases, potentially affecting the ability of specific users to hold or trade $O.
• Centralized KYC processing and storage of personal data introduce privacy and data-security risks; breaches or misuse of data could have legal and reputational consequences for participants.

Technical and operational risk

• $O is issued on the Base blockchain, and token vesting is enforced by time‑bound smart contracts; bugs, vulnerabilities, or design flaws in these contracts or in Base itself could lead to loss, delayed release, or unintended unlocking of tokens.
• Although the vesting contracts are intended to be audited and publicly verifiable before TGE, audits cannot guarantee the absence of critical vulnerabilities, and upgrades or migrations may introduce new risks.
• The o1.exchange trading platform and associated infrastructure may experience outages, latency, key-management failures, or security breaches, which could disrupt trading, impair access to fee discounts, or result in partial or complete loss of tokens or other user assets.
• Treasury and liquidity funds are controlled by a 3‑of‑5 MoonX multi‑sig; compromise of signers, key loss, or collusion could result in mismanagement or loss of these funds, impacting liquidity support and ecosystem development.

Tokenomics and vesting risk

• Total supply is 1,000,000,000 $O, with allocations including 10% to team, 18% to investors, 16% to treasury, 6% to liquidity, and a defined community/airdrop allocation.
• Team and investor tokens are locked for 1 year from TGE (expected April 28, 2026), followed by 36‑month linear vesting, meaning significant portions of supply will come onto the market gradually from year 2 to year 4, which may exert ongoing sell pressure.
• Treasury tokens (16% of supply, with 4% unlocked at TGE and the remainder linearly vesting over 48 months) and the 6% liquidity allocation are controlled by the project multi‑sig, giving the team broad discretion over emissions, liquidity provisioning and market support, which may or may not align with minority token holder interests.
• Locked allocations are ineligible for staking or rewards during the lock period, which may concentrate early staking power and fee-discount benefits among community recipients and treasury-controlled tokens, impacting perceived fairness and incentives.

Governance and centralization risk

• $O does not grant holders governance rights over o1.exchange or MoonX Foundation, nor rights to participate in treasury decisions, protocol upgrades, or revenue distribution; strategic and operational control remains with the project team and associated entities.
• MoonX Foundation controls team token wallets, the treasury multi‑sig, and liquidity allocation, resulting in a high degree of centralization in decision‑making and token supply management, especially in the early years.
• Any future governance framework (if introduced) may be off‑chain, advisory in nature, or subject to unilateral amendment by the core team, limiting effective minority protection for public token holders.

Market & liquidity risks:
$O is pre-launch and has not yet been publicly distributed, so there is no observable secondary market depth, price history, or reliable liquidity profile; trading, when enabled, may be highly volatile and illiquid.
$O is an unbacked utility token whose value is not tied to any fiat currency or other asset and is determined solely by market dynamics and platform utility, increasing the risk of sharp repricing or loss of value.

Legal & regulatory risks:
Project materials characterize $O as a pure utility token providing fee discounts and access to o1.exchange, with no ownership, voting, profit-share, or debt-like rights; regulators in some jurisdictions may nonetheless assess it under securities or other financial-instrument frameworks, creating classification and compliance risk.
Token holders have no contractual rights to dividends, interest, treasury distributions, or any enforceable claims on the issuer or ecosystem, which may limit recourse in the event of platform failure or changes to token utility.

AML & privacy risks:
All trades and token transfers are executed on-chain without privacy-preserving features (no mixers, ZK proofs, or ring signatures), so transaction histories are publicly visible and traceable, which may expose users to deanonymization and surveillance risks while not eliminating potential misuse concerns from a regulatory perspective.

Technical & security risks:
$O runs on the Base blockchain and relies on smart contracts for token vesting and staking; bugs, misconfigurations, or economic design flaws in these contracts or in Base itself could lead to loss, lock-up, or misallocation of tokens.
The $O token contract and treasury are controlled by a 3-of-5 team-managed multisig; compromise or collusion among signers, or key management failures, could enable unauthorized transfers or changes to token-related parameters.
Although third-party audits of vesting contracts are planned before TGE, audit coverage and ongoing monitoring are limited safeguards and cannot eliminate smart-contract risk.

Governance risks:
Governance is currently centralized: token holders have no on-chain voting rights, the team retains veto power over all changes, and no automated execution or community-controlled multisigs are in place, so key decisions (including token utility, fee schemes, and staking terms) are at the discretion of the project team.

Listings & market-structure risks:
As a pre-launch token with no current public distribution, there is no confirmed exchange listing, order-book structure, or MM support, so initial trading—if and when listings occur—may face concentrated liquidity, wide spreads, and higher susceptibility to price manipulation; up-to-date market data is not available.

Technical risks:
Smart-contract errors in the $O token, staking, and vesting contracts on Base could lead to loss, misallocation, or lock-up of tokens, despite plans for third‑party audits and public verification on Basescan. As a pre‑launch token, there is also implementation risk that contract deployments, audit remediations, or integrations with the o1.exchange platform are delayed or fail, affecting the timing of token utility activation.

Operational/resources risks:
Successful rollout of staking, fee‑discount logic, and platform access features depends on MoonX’s ability to maintain sufficient engineering, security, and operations capacity; resource constraints or team turnover could delay or impair these features. Misconfiguration or loss of access to the 3‑of‑5 treasury/token multi‑sig controlled by key team members could disrupt token treasury management or require complex recovery procedures.

Third‑party dependency risks:
The project relies on the Base blockchain for token, staking, and vesting functionality; network outages, congestion, or protocol changes on Base could impair transfers, staking operations, and vesting releases. Dependence on external security auditors and infrastructure providers (e.g., node and wallet services) introduces risk that shortcomings or failures at these providers could compromise security or availability of $O functionality.

Market/liquidity risks:
$O is an unbacked utility token whose value is solely determined by market dynamics and its platform utility; if user adoption of o1.exchange or demand for fee discounts and feature access is lower than anticipated, market demand and liquidity for $O may be limited, increasing volatility and slippage risk. Because the token is pre‑launch, there is additional uncertainty around eventual listing venues, liquidity depth, and the effectiveness of any planned market‑making or distribution strategies.

Legal/compliance risks:
$O is positioned as a utility token that does not confer equity, debt, or dividend rights, but changing regulatory interpretations or jurisdiction‑specific rules could still subject the token, the platform, or related entities to securities, commodities, or other regulatory regimes, potentially requiring registrations, licences, or changes to token design and distribution. The presence of staking (even with non‑financial utility benefits only) may attract additional regulatory scrutiny if authorities associate staking with yield‑ or investment‑like characteristics, increasing compliance and implementation complexity.

Governance/tokenomics risks:
Governance is centralized: there are no on‑chain voting mechanisms, no community‑controlled multi‑sig, and the project team retains veto power over all changes, so token holders have no formal governance rights; this concentration of control introduces key‑person and centralization risk and may reduce community alignment. Vesting for team and investors is enforced via smart contracts on Base, so any implementation error or change to vesting logic could affect token release schedules and circulating supply, potentially causing unanticipated supply shocks or misalignment among stakeholders.

Smart contracts:
$O is an ERC‑20 token to be deployed on Base, with vesting enforced via time‑locked smart contracts on Base. These contracts, plus the token contract, are under audit pre‑TGE, but detailed audit reports and contract addresses are not yet publicly available, leaving residual implementation and upgrade risks typical for new deployments.

Cross‑chain / routing:
The app markets “cross‑chain” trading with unified liquidity pools and cross‑chain infrastructure but does not disclose the exact bridge providers or routing architecture. This implies dependence on external bridges/routers or multi‑chain liquidity sources whose security assumptions, upgrade processes, and failure modes (e.g., bridge exploits, oracle/routing errors) are not yet transparent to users.

Scalability / performance trade‑offs:
The platform positions itself as “high‑frequency” with microsecond‑level execution and “institutional‑grade” analytics on top of DeFi. Sustaining this design likely involves off‑chain matching, analytics, and automation components that introduce additional centralization and operational dependencies (e.g., matching engine downtime, API throttling, latency mismatches vs. final settlement on underlying chains).

Wallets and privacy:
The product includes wallet features and portfolio tracking, and all trades and transfers are stated to be fully on‑chain and publicly visible, with no privacy‑preserving mechanisms (e.g., mixers, ZK privacy layers). This reduces regulatory/privacy‑coin risk but creates deanonymization and transaction‑graph risks typical for transparent DeFi, especially when combined with centralized analytics and alerting tied to wallets and social accounts.

L2 / chain dependencies (Base and others):
$O and its vesting logic depend on Base L2 for correctness and availability, so users inherit Base’s consensus, sequencer, and bridging risk (e.g., censorship, downtime, L1–L2 bridge incidents). The trading front‑end advertises multi‑chain trading without clearly enumerating which parts of the stack (routing, analytics, automation) rely on each chain, increasing complexity and the surface for chain‑specific failures or reorgs.

Audits, security controls, and key management:
Token and vesting contracts are stated to be audited before TGE, and the token contract and treasury are controlled by a 3‑of‑5 multisig held by key team members at MoonX, with explorer labelling planned at TGE. However, auditor names, scope, and findings, as well as operational security around multisig signers and off‑chain infrastructure (matching engine, APIs, automation bots), are not yet fully disclosed, leaving non‑trivial residual governance and operational‑security risk pre‑launch.

Risk 1 – Centralized governance and veto power over all changes

• Observed limitation: Governance is fully controlled by the project team; there is no formal onchain voting, the team retains veto power over all changes, and governance enhancements are only “under consideration.”
• Concrete mitigation measures (recommended):
  • Introduce onchain governance for key parameters (e.g., fee tiers, listing/removal rules, upgrade paths) where $O holders or designated delegates vote.
  • Implement a transparent governance framework (proposal process, quorum thresholds, timelocks) documented publicly.
  • Gradually limit unilateral veto rights by requiring super‑majority onchain votes or multi‑party approvals for non‑emergency changes.

---

Risk 2 – No community-controlled multisig or automated execution of governance decisions

• Observed limitation: No community multisig, no automated execution of governance outcomes, and all proposals or changes require explicit team approval before implementation.
• Concrete mitigation measures (recommended):
  • Introduce upgrade and treasury contracts controlled by a multi‑sig including independent, doxxed signers (e.g., external advisors, community representatives), not only core team members.
  • Use timelocked upgrade contracts so that any change is visible onchain in advance and can be challenged or exited against.
  • Where appropriate, wire Snapshot/onchain governance decisions to execute automatically via governance executors, reducing discretion in applying approved changes.

---

Risk 3 – Centralized control over routing logic, UI, and feature access (hybrid architecture)

• Observed limitation: Critical platform components such as routing logic, UI, and feature access controls are managed by the core team, while only execution/settlement are onchain, implying operational and censorship risks at the offchain layer.
• Concrete mitigation measures (recommended):
  • Publish API specifications and encourage multiple independent front‑ends or integrators so users are not dependent on a single UI or routing implementation.
  • Implement redundancy and geo‑distributed infrastructure for routing and UI services, with documented SLAs and incident‑response procedures.
  • Where feasible, move core routing logic into verifiable onchain or open‑source offchain components to reduce opaque control by the team.

---

Risk 4 – Closed-source codebase and single-team development concentration

• Observed limitation: The platform is not open-source, is developed and maintained primarily by the project team, and there are no public repositories with external contributor activity.
• Concrete mitigation measures (recommended):
  • Open‑source at least the smart contracts and critical offchain components, under a suitable licence, to allow independent security review and community scrutiny.
  • Commission and publish third‑party security audits and, if not open‑sourcing, at minimum release detailed audit summaries and remediation status.
  • Develop an internal succession and documentation plan (runbooks, architecture docs, key‑person redundancy) and gradually expand contributor base (e.g., grants/bug‑bounty programs) to reduce reliance on a small core team.

---

Risk 5 – Limited third‑party ecosystem and composability

• Observed limitation: No third-party dApps have been built on o1.exchange to date; only APIs are live, even though they reportedly have >4,000 API users/wallets.
• Concrete mitigation measures (recommended):
  • Provide stable, well‑documented SDKs and long‑term compatibility guarantees for integrators.
  • Launch a formal developer program (grants, hackathons) to incentivize independent dApps and integrations.
  • Commit to a public deprecation/upgrade policy so third‑party integrators can manage changes without unexpected breakage.

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Summary of limitations

• No formal onchain governance, no community‑controlled multisig, no automated execution of governance decisions, closed-source development, and centralized control over key offchain components are all explicitly stated or implied, with no concrete mitigations currently described in the available materials.

EarthX Ltd

254900GJ530X73AT8B15

o1.exchange

O1.Exchange’s $O token and related smart contracts are deployed on Base, an Ethereum Layer 2 optimistic rollup built on Optimism’s OP Stack.
Base executes transactions off-chain, then batches them via a sequencer and posts them to Ethereum, relying on Ethereum’s Proof‑of‑Stake consensus for final settlement and security. This design is secure because all finalized L2 transactions inherit Ethereum’s PoS guarantees, and efficient because off-chain batching and data compression allow much higher throughput and lower fees than transacting directly on Ethereum L1.

$O staking on o1.exchange

• Users can stake $O via a staking page, choosing the wallet/portfolio and amount, then confirming a stake transaction.
• Staking gives non‑financial benefits only: reduced trading fees (tiered by staked amount) and feature/early access. There are no token rewards, no yield, and no revenue share from staking.
• Unstaking has a 30‑day cooldown during which the unstaked $O cannot be traded or withdrawn; additional unstake during cooldown resets the 30‑day period for the full amount.

Trading points → $O allocations

• Users earn trading points by trading on o1.exchange; points are later converted into $O allocations, incentivizing active trading and platform loyalty.

Cashback tier system (fee rebates)

• A universal cashback program applies across spot, prediction markets, and perps. Cashback tiers and net fee reductions are:
  • Tier 1: 0.25%
  • Tier 2: 0.30%
  • Tier 3: 0.35%
  • Tier 4: 0.40%
  • Tier 5: 0.45%
• Cashback is applied against the base trading fee for all market types, reducing users’ effective trading costs.

Referral, rewards, and competitions

• The marketing site describes 41% referral revenue share, a cashback & tier list with up to 45% cashback, trading competitions with prize pools, and “badge” / early trader benefits, which provide additional user-side rewards.
• Detailed program pages (points system, rewards program, referrals & rewards) exist in docs but are not expanded in the fetched content; only the fee‑related cashback mechanics are fully specified in the available documentation.

No dividends or financial rights from holding $O

• Holding $O does not entitle token holders to dividends, interest, revenue share, or other payments. Any future treasury‑managed initiatives (ecosystem incentives, grants, liquidity support) are discretionary and do not confer enforceable rights or financial returns.

Network security / staking vs mining

• o1.exchange is an exchange/protocol built on existing chains (e.g., Base) rather than its own base layer. The available materials describe staking of $O purely as a utility mechanism for fee discounts and feature access, not as a consensus or security mechanism. There is no mention of validator roles, slashing, block production, or mining rewards tied to $O.
• Accordingly, participants are not rewarded for “securing the network” via staking rewards or mining incentives in the usual PoS/PoW sense. Staking simply locks tokens for non‑financial perks.

Spot Markets Trading Fees

• Base fee: 1.00% per trade.
• After cashback, effective user trading fees are:
  • Tier 1: 0.75% (1.00% − 0.25%)
  • Tier 2: 0.70%
  • Tier 3: 0.65%
  • Tier 4: 0.60%
  • Tier 5: 0.55%
• The platform earns the base fee minus cashback paid out to the user (and minus any referral or other incentive that is funded from fee revenue), while the trader effectively pays the reduced net fee.

Prediction Markets Trading Fees

• Fee formula (before cashback):
  • Fee = round_up(0.07 × C × P × (1 − P))`
  • C = number of shares traded.
  • P = current outcome probability (0–1).
• The fee is largest when P = 0.5 and lower at extreme probabilities; examples are provided (e.g., at P=0.5, maximum fee ≈ 0.0175 × C).
  • Cashback tiers apply to the calculated fee, reducing the amount actually borne by the trader; the remaining net fee is retained by the platform.

Perpetual Futures Trading Fees

• o1.exchange integrates Hyperliquid Build Code for perps and charges a builder fee of 0.010% on perpetual trades.
• This builder fee is the protocol’s revenue from perps (subject to any cashback/other incentives that reduce the trader’s effective cost).

Fee handling, burning, and sustainability

• Documentation states that as the platform matures, a portion of platform revenue may be allocated to a treasury for ecosystem initiatives (e.g., incentives, grants, liquidity support), at the team’s discretion. These are framed as treasury‑managed uses of revenue, not as automatic fee sharing to token holders.
• There is no disclosed mechanism for automatic fee burning of $O or other assets in the available materials, nor a detailed public breakdown of how much of each fee type is directed to treasury vs. other uses.
• Sustainability is therefore primarily supported by:
• Ongoing trading fees (spot, prediction, perps) as platform revenue.
• Non‑dilutive incentives (cashback, referrals, competitions, $O allocations sourced from token supply/treasury rather than protocol-level burning or yield).

Traders / users earn

• Trading fee cashback (tiered up to 0.45%).
• Referral revenue share (advertised 41%).
• $O allocations via trading points.
• Non‑financial staking benefits (fee discounts, feature access).
• Competition prizes and badge/early‑trader perks.

The protocol/platform earns

• Net spot fees (1.00% base minus cashback and any incentive payouts).
• Net prediction market fees per dynamic formula minus cashback.
• Perps builder fee of 0.010% per trade.
• These revenues may be partially allocated to a treasury for ecosystem initiatives, but there is no published automatic fee‑burn or holder revenue‑share model in the available documentation.

2026-03-25

2026-04-07

1.53841

Data provided by CCRI; all indicators are based on a set of assumptions and thus represent estimates; methodology description and overview of input data, external datasets and underlying assumptions available at:
https://carbon-ratings.com/dl/whitepaper-mica methods-2024 and https://docs.mica.api.carbon ratings.com. We do not account for any offsetting of energy consumption or other market-based mechanism as of today.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.

Not applicable as the annual energy consumption is less than 500,000 kWh.